A note on "Kshatriya": The Kshatriya class is one of the four primary varnas, or social-occupational categories, that originated in ancient India. These varnas traditionally depended on one’s lineage. The Bhagavad-Gitā shifts the emphasis from lineage to a person’s inherent nature (swabhāva), their qualities (guna), and the roles they take on (karma or occupation). Essentially, it stresses the importance of one’s actions and intrinsic qualities over birthright (as seen in 4:13; 18:41-44). Kshatriyas are positioned as the ruling and warrior class, tasked with safeguarding the other three varnas. They are second in the traditional varna hierarchy.

A note on "dharma": Dharma is frequently rendered as “religion,” albeit the term’s depth might be lost without a more precise translation. The shift in its interpretation emerged as various religions came into existence. Hinduism predates these newer religions. Historically, “dharma” didn’t signify religion as we understand it today, but rather denoted the sacred duties and values outlined in ancient scriptures. As such, dharma encompasses core human duties.

A note on "swadharma": Some scholars interpret "swadharma" as "varna dharma," referring to the traditional "class duties" of the four varnas. In this verse, "swadharma" does indeed denote Prince Arjuna's class duties or varna dharma, but the matter is more complex. A more elaborate discussion on this subject is anticipated at a later stage.